1)have +過去分詞，構成完成時態。例如：

He has left for London.他已去了倫敦。

By the end of last month， they had finished half of their work. 上月未為止，他們已經完成工作的一半。

2)have + been +現在分詞，構成完成進行時。例如：

I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在學英語，已達十年之久。

3)have +been +過去分詞，構成完成式被動語態。例如：

English has been taught in China for many years. 中國教英語已經多年。