新冠病情已經(jīng)發(fā)生好幾年了，現(xiàn)在全國(guó)上下幾乎都已經(jīng)接種過(guò)疫苗，可以說(shuō)控制的非常的好。今天國(guó)家新聞發(fā)布了疫苗接種偶合癥占比近10%，這到底意味著什么呢?跟著滬江英語(yǔ)的老師一起來(lái)看一下吧。
在7月23日舉行的國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，我國(guó)首次報(bào)告了新冠疫苗接種后的不良反應(yīng)，其中一般反應(yīng)占比81.29%，每一百萬(wàn)人的發(fā)生率為57.27;異常反應(yīng)占比5.47%，每一百萬(wàn)人發(fā)生率3.85。
值得注意的是，數(shù)據(jù)特別提到偶合癥的占比達(dá)9.89%，每一百萬(wàn)人的發(fā)生率為6.97;心因性反應(yīng)占2.42%，每100萬(wàn)人發(fā)生率為1.7;另有4例懷疑接種差錯(cuò)，包括違反禁忌接種2例，未簽署知情同意書(shū)、3天內(nèi)接種2劑次。
所謂的“偶合癥”也稱(chēng)為偶合反應(yīng)。中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士、解放軍總醫(yī)院第五醫(yī)學(xué)中心感染病醫(yī)學(xué)部主任王福生解釋稱(chēng)：“偶合反應(yīng)是說(shuō)疫苗接種者正好處于某個(gè)疾病的發(fā)病潛伏階段或者發(fā)病前期，接種疫苗后疾病巧合發(fā)生，這與疫苗接種本身是沒(méi)有關(guān)系的。”
他舉例稱(chēng)，例如某人正處于乙肝病毒感染的潛伏期，在接種了新冠疫苗后發(fā)生了肝炎，就屬于“偶合反應(yīng)”。
王福生特別呼吁，不要因?yàn)闀r(shí)間上的巧合，而把無(wú)關(guān)疾病歸因于新冠疫苗的接種。“我國(guó)人口基數(shù)大，每天大量的住院和死亡，死亡每天就有約2萬(wàn)人。”王福生說(shuō)，“在大規(guī)模疫苗接種的過(guò)程中，發(fā)生各種偶合反應(yīng)是必然的，要有一個(gè)清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。”
偶合反應(yīng)并非無(wú)法區(qū)分。王福生表示，通過(guò)臨床的診斷是可以鑒別出來(lái)的。他還表示，對(duì)于所有疫苗接種，我國(guó)都有不良事件的監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，而且對(duì)于新冠疫苗接種不良事件的處置是及時(shí)、科學(xué)的。
也有專(zhuān)家指出，要區(qū)分是否屬于偶合反應(yīng)的難度很大，因?yàn)椴⒉皇撬械呐己戏磻?yīng)都是通過(guò)診斷來(lái)鑒別的。“這主要是取決于與什么疾病偶合發(fā)生。”一位疫苗專(zhuān)家對(duì)第一財(cái)經(jīng)記者表示，“如果是病毒感染，那么是可以通過(guò)檢測(cè);但是如果是癌癥，癌癥是什么時(shí)候發(fā)展出來(lái)，除非你一直去醫(yī)院驗(yàn)血，否則是很難把握癌癥進(jìn)展時(shí)機(jī)的，而且每個(gè)人的疾病進(jìn)展情況也不一樣。”他補(bǔ)充道，針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題仍然需要在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究證實(shí)。
上述專(zhuān)家還表示，要研究疫苗是否會(huì)引發(fā)某些疾病，也是相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的，還需要搞清楚是直接的因果關(guān)系還是相關(guān)性的問(wèn)題，或者僅僅是巧合而已，這需要大量的研究論證。
“我們也對(duì)偶合癥建立了一整套的機(jī)制，當(dāng)懷疑異常或者疑似不良反應(yīng)時(shí)，會(huì)請(qǐng)專(zhuān)家會(huì)診，最后判定是否為偶合反應(yīng)，如果確實(shí)與疫苗接種相關(guān)，國(guó)家也有完善的補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。”王福生說(shuō)。
此外，關(guān)于心因性反應(yīng)，也就是俗稱(chēng)的“心理作用”，主要是指受疫苗接種的心理因素影響，例如疑病，而表現(xiàn)出的身體癥狀(軀體化障礙)。對(duì)此，第一財(cái)經(jīng)記者了解到，目前上海的疫苗接種專(zhuān)家組就專(zhuān)門(mén)納入了心理疏導(dǎo)專(zhuān)家，提供心理疏導(dǎo)方案，也可以針對(duì)個(gè)案進(jìn)行評(píng)估咨詢(xún)，形成一種較為有效的機(jī)制。
下面我們來(lái)了解一下關(guān)于新冠疫苗的文章。
This Spring Festival is very quiet. Without the bustle of the past, people stay at home and dare not go out. It’s better to have no one in the street than an empty city.
The novel coronavirus brought this quiet, which is better than SARS in 2003, but more brutal than SARS. Today, it has ruthlessly taken 812 lives in China. The whole of China is immersed in the fear of the virus. The origin of novel coronavirus in Wuhan is also the most serious area of epidemic development. People all over the country are watching the news of the epidemic every day. Although people all over the country do not leave home, their hope that the infected people will get better soon has already spread all over the country. Infected people are quarantined, we are quarantined from the virus but not from love. This love permeates the streets and lanes, and it condenses in everyone’s heart.
On New Year’s Eve, everyone was reunited with his family at home, eating New Year’s Eve dinner and smiling happily. But this year’s new year, those angels in white did not go home, but fought in the front line. It was a war without smoke of gunpowder. They insisted on fighting in the front line, fearless of life and death. At that time, there were still many family members from other areas who went to Wuhan to support and fight against the epidemic with local medical staff. They are the husband and wife of the wife. They are the children of their parents and the parents of their children. They are part of the family. Parting, is full of reluctant, that tears contain as children, as parents of reluctant. But they are for the sake of the motherland, for the sake of the people, for the sake of unity, to fight against the epidemic, to contribute to the motherland, to fight against the epidemic, to contribute to a love. They don’t know whether they are going to live or die. Just like soldiers in ancient times, there is a great difference between life and death. They leave their small home for everyone and set foot on the journey without hesitation and never regret it. I really hope that they can return safely, overcome the epidemic and protect the Chinese people.
Many people, supporting Wuhan, have donated finance to Wuhan. Masks have become an urgent need of people. Those who make protective equipment work day and night, and never stop. I only hope that the epidemic will come to an end soon and the infected people will recover soon.
We are together to prevent and control the epidemic. Today the wind and rain pass, tomorrow will still be very good.
Those experts, who have been working hard, hope to work out anti-virus drugs as soon as possible. They work day and night to make a contribution to the war without smoke of gunpowder and to eliminate the harm brought by the epidemic situation to us as soon as possible. Everyone is acting, in order to be able to reproduce the prosperity of the motherland, I hope the blue sky is still blue.
Unite as one, fight against the epidemic, you and I side by side, fight together, come on, Wuhan!
Come on, Wuhan! Go China!
在世界一體化的今天，不僅僅是中國(guó)有新冠疫情，所以大家可以多學(xué)一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)，了解世界，了解疫情。如果在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中有疑問(wèn)，可以咨詢(xún)滬江網(wǎng)的英語(yǔ)老師。
