如果你還在為“今天我要背多少個(gè)單詞”而興奮不已時(shí)，最好馬!上!停!止!把所有注意力集中在背單詞上，在整個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中只是一個(gè)非常短暫的過程，隨著詞匯量不斷積累，我們需要做的是邊閱讀邊學(xué)詞，即通過短語(yǔ)或者是句子學(xué)習(xí)單詞。

如果你背了大量的單詞，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的口語(yǔ)進(jìn)入了瓶頸期，或者你并不確定自己是不是進(jìn)入了瓶頸期，簡(jiǎn)單三步測(cè)試病癥。

癥狀① 單純地背誦單詞而不是學(xué)習(xí)單詞

背誦單詞更像是批量式任務(wù)式的學(xué)習(xí)，為了考試去從頭到尾的去背、而不是從學(xué)習(xí)角度去記的，所以很快就會(huì)忘了。

癥狀② 脫離上下文的詞匯

我們?cè)诒硢卧~的時(shí)候基本上就只會(huì)看到它的拼寫，詞義，發(fā)音，詞性。然而這些詞匯是死的，有種學(xué)無(wú)所用的挫敗感，原因在于這個(gè)單詞前不著村后不著店，我們根本不知道這個(gè)詞怎么用，導(dǎo)致我們只能現(xiàn)場(chǎng)拼奏出來(lái)。背單詞處于孤立的一種狀態(tài)。

癥狀③ 盲目地?cái)U(kuò)充詞匯量不等于高效的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)

有多少人在背誦單詞的時(shí)候會(huì)給詞匯分類：1. 俚語(yǔ)詞匯; 2. 正式詞匯;3. 口語(yǔ)詞匯。

俚語(yǔ)詞匯是地道外國(guó)人實(shí)用的詞匯，如果你的水平不錯(cuò)了，可以嘗試一下，進(jìn)一步提高自己。

正式詞匯會(huì)在比較正式的場(chǎng)合，比如新聞，論文，期刊當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)，例如use 就是一個(gè)口語(yǔ)詞匯，但在官方中我們就得用utilize.

口語(yǔ)詞匯，很多人會(huì)用一些看起來(lái)很高大上的詞語(yǔ)，殊不知，最后會(huì)是一種這樣的狀態(tài)，口語(yǔ)聽起來(lái)像寫作，寫作看起來(lái)像口語(yǔ)。

舉一個(gè)栗子：Form my perspective view, technology is a very important element in the development of our society.

我認(rèn)為科技在我們整個(gè)社會(huì)發(fā)展中是一個(gè)很重要的元素。

這個(gè)不叫口語(yǔ)，這些看起來(lái)高大上的詞匯反而會(huì)讓人覺得很奇怪。這句話用口語(yǔ)表達(dá)應(yīng)該是這樣：Technology drives the society forward.

如果你出現(xiàn)了上述癥狀，那么恭喜你，你肯定是不小心走入了迷宮，不過，北外網(wǎng)院是很貼心的，我們要時(shí)刻盯防你誤入“歧途”，特意向歪果仁請(qǐng)教，給你一貼，讓你對(duì)癥下藥，看看你是跌倒在哪兒，爬不起來(lái)了?

1.Don’t study grammar too much

不要過多學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法

This rule might sound strange to many ESL students, but it is one of the most important rules. If you want to pass examinations, then study grammar. However, if you want to become fluent in English, then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar.

對(duì)于許多ESL(英語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言)學(xué)生，這條規(guī)則聽起來(lái)很奇怪，但它是最重要的規(guī)則之一。如果你想要通過考試，那就學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法。然而，如果你想要把英語(yǔ)說的更流利，那么你應(yīng)該嘗試學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)這門語(yǔ)言而不學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法。

Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you. You will think about the rules when creating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native. Remember that only a small fraction of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules. Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers.

學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法會(huì)讓你慢下來(lái)，把你弄糊涂。在構(gòu)建句子的時(shí)候，你會(huì)去思考規(guī)則，而不是像本國(guó)人一樣自然而然的說出一個(gè)句子。要知道，只有 很小一部分的英語(yǔ)使用者知道超過20%的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。許多ESL學(xué)生知道的語(yǔ)法其實(shí)要比本國(guó)人更多。

2.Learn and study phrases

學(xué)習(xí)和研究短語(yǔ)

Many students learn vocabulary and try to put many words together to create a proper sentence. It amazes me how many words some of my students know, but they cannot create a proper sentence.

很多學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)詞匯，并嘗試把很多單詞在一起以構(gòu)建一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥印W(xué)生們的單詞量讓我很意外，但是要構(gòu)建一個(gè)正確的句子對(duì)他們來(lái)說卻很難。

If you know 1000 words, you might not be able to say one correct sentence. But if you know 1 phrase, you can make hundreds of correct sentences. When you know only 1000 phrases, you will be almost a fluent English speaker.

如果你知道1000個(gè)單詞，你可能不一定能夠說一個(gè)正確的句子。但如果你知道1個(gè)短語(yǔ)，你可以說數(shù)百個(gè)正確的句子。當(dāng)你知道只有1000個(gè)短語(yǔ)，你就能說流利的英語(yǔ)了。

3. Don’t translate

不要翻譯

When you want to create an English sentence, do not translate the words from your Mother tongue. The order of words is probably completely different and you will be both slow and incorrect by doing this.

當(dāng)你想構(gòu)建一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子的時(shí)候，不要嘗試著從母語(yǔ)翻譯句子。兩種語(yǔ)言的詞序有可能不同，如果嘗試翻譯，就很有可能出錯(cuò)。

Problem

Isn’t it strange that schools across the world teach reading first, then writing, then listening, and finally speaking? Although it is different, the main reason is because when you learn a second language, you need to read material to understand and learn it. So even though the natural order is listening, speaking, reading, then writing, the order for ESL students is reading, listening, speaking, then writing. Speak out loud the material you are listening to and practice what you hear. Practice speaking out loud until your mouth and brain can do it without any effort. By doing so, you will be able to speak English fluently.

全世界的學(xué)校的教學(xué)順序都是這樣的：閱讀，寫作，然后再是聽力，最后是寫作。這真的讓人感覺到奇怪。雖然有特例，但是這其中最主要的原因還是因?yàn)楫?dāng)學(xué)第二外語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，你需要首先閱讀一些材料，然后在去理解和學(xué)習(xí)它。所以即使自然的秩序是聽、說、讀，然后寫作，但是ESL 學(xué)生的順序是閱讀、聽力、然后寫。把聽到的材料大聲說出來(lái)，再練習(xí)。練習(xí)的時(shí)候要大聲，直到你的大腦和嘴巴能對(duì)英語(yǔ)信手拈來(lái)。通過這樣做，你將能夠流利地說英語(yǔ)。

4. Submerge yourself

讓自己完全浸入

Being able to speak a language is not related to how smart you are. You don’t have to go anywhere to become a fluent English speaker. You only need to surround yourself with English. You can do this by making rules with your existing friends that you will only speak English. You can also carry around an iPod and constantly listen to English sentences. As you can see, you can achieve results by changing what your surroundings are. Submerge yourself in English and you will learn several times faster.

能否講一種語(yǔ)言，和你是否聰明無(wú)關(guān)。要想能夠流利說英語(yǔ)，你并不是非得去某個(gè)地方。只要你能夠背英語(yǔ)圍繞就行。要達(dá)到這種效果，你可以和你現(xiàn)在的朋友約定只說英語(yǔ)。你 可以還隨身攜帶一臺(tái)iPod，不斷地聽英語(yǔ)句子。正如你所看到的，您可以通過改變你周圍的環(huán)境實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)想的效果。讓自己沉浸在英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中，你將會(huì)學(xué)得快幾倍。

5. Study correct material

使用正確的學(xué)習(xí)材料

A common phrase that is incorrect is, "Practice makes perfect." This is far from the truth. Practice only makes what you are practicing permanent. If you practice the incorrect sentence, you will have perfected saying the sentence incorrectly. Therefore, it is important that you study material that is commonly used by most people.

有句話可能有失偏頗：“熟能生巧”。練習(xí)只能讓你永遠(yuǎn)停留在練習(xí)。如果你練習(xí)一個(gè)不正確的句子，那么你還會(huì)一直不正確下去。因此，你必須選擇大多數(shù)人選用的材料。

Studying English with a friend who is not a native English speaker is both good and bad. You should be aware of the pros and cons of speaking with a non-native speaking friend. Practicing with a non-native person will give you practice. You can also motivate each other and point out basic mistakes. But you might pick up bad habits from one another if you are not sure about what are correct and incorrect sentences. So use these practice times as a time period to practice the correct material you studied.

和一個(gè)非英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)的朋友一起學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)有利也有弊。你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到這種利弊。和非英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)的人練習(xí)可以是一次練習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。你也可以彼此激勵(lì)，指出基本的錯(cuò) 誤。但是如果你不知道一個(gè)句子正確與否，你就有可能從另外一個(gè)朋友那里帶走一些壞習(xí)慣。可以把這部分的時(shí)間利用起來(lái)去練習(xí)正確的素材。