by name,in name
這一對(duì)短語(yǔ)的外貌頗相像,但涵義有別。by name (也可說成 by the name of)是個(gè)中性詞組,義:“名叫什么”,它放在專有名詞之后,以表示你所要說明的人或物的確實(shí)名稱; in name是貶義詞,表示“名義上”、“徒有虛名”之意。例:
The aeronautical engineering institute has built an airplane,“Stingray”by name.
航空學(xué)院制造了一架飛機(jī),名叫“刺 ”。
There was a great poet China,Qu Yuan by name.
中國(guó)有個(gè)偉大的詩(shī)人,名叫屈原。
Someone by the name of Mary wants to see yon.
有個(gè)叫瑪麗的要見您。
He is a doctor in name only;he stays in the stock exchange all day long.
他只是名義上是個(gè)醫(yī)生;他整天在股票交易所里。
請(qǐng)注意by name在下列句中的涵義和用法:
I know him by name.
我聽到過他的名字(但和他本人并不相識(shí))。
He mentioned you by name.
他曾提起你的名字。