1定義：直接引語和間接引語：在陳述句中,直接引用說話人原來的語句,稱為直接引語。在書寫時,直接引語用引號。用自己的詞語來轉述表達原來說話人說的內容,稱為間接引語。

2、直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語：

直接引語如果是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時應注意以下各點：

①不用引號,而用連接詞that,但有時可省略。

②人稱作相應變化；

如：She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.” 她說：“我昨天去看過劉老師了。”

She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她說那天她去看過劉老師了。

③時態(tài)的變化列表如下：

直接引語

間接引語

一般現(xiàn)在時：

“I am very glad to visit your workshop,” she said.

“我很高興參觀你們的車間。”她說。

一般過去時：

She said that she was very glad to visit our workshop.

她說她很高興參觀我們的車間。

正在進行時：

“I am checking your homework now,”his mother said.

“我現(xiàn)在正在檢查你的作業(yè)，”他母親說。

過去進行時：

His mother said that she was checking his homework then. 他母親說她當時正在檢查他的作業(yè)。

現(xiàn)在完成時：

“Have you handed in the money for the tickets?”the monitor asked. “你交票款了嗎？”班長問。

過去完成時：

The monitor asked me if I had handed in the money for the tickets. 班長問我是否交票款了。

一般過去時：

She said, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” 她說，“我母親昨天帶我去看了展覽。”

過去完成時：

She said that her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 她說她母親前一天帶她去看了展覽。

但是，要注意下面的情況：直接引語說的是科學真理、格言時，無論主句用何時態(tài)，間接引語仍用一般時。如：

The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老師說：“太陽在東方升起，在西邊落下。”

The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.