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賓語從句是英語主從復(fù)合句中最常見的從句之一，也是考試必考的內(nèi)容之一，賓語從句的用法一直是學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)。
中考對(duì)賓語從句的考查主要集中在三點(diǎn)：
1. 連詞的選擇
2. 語序
任何從句都使用陳述句語序，賓語從句當(dāng)然也不例外
3. 時(shí)態(tài)
①當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)；②當(dāng)主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語從句必須是一種過去的時(shí)態(tài)；③當(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語從句時(shí)，任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
讓我們一起走近賓語從句，揭開它的謎底吧！
賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
That只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。
例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。例如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)， 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
