A.非真實條件句 (if引導);
That is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
B. “建議”、“命令”類從句(should);
……he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
C. Wish等特殊詞匯引導的從句。
Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer.
與現在事實相反的假設
與過去事實相反的假設
表示對將來不大可能發生的事情的假想
與現在事實相反的假設
if …did/were …, … should/would/could +do
與過去事實相反的假設
if …had done …, … would have done …
表示對將來不大可能發生的事情的假想
if …did/should do/were to do …, … Should(would，could，might)+ do …
If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you. (萬一……)
要是我明天見到布什，我就會問他這件事的。
If I were to meet Bush tomorrow, I should ask him about it.
Were I to meet Bush tomorrow，I should ask him about it.
如果我去年有了這筆錢，我就買那所房子了。
If I had obtained the money last year, I would have bought the house.
Had I obtained the money last year, I would have bought the house.
假如鍋爐出問題的話，自控裝置會自動切斷燃油的供給。
If there should be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.
Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.
助動詞!(不包括行為動詞 )
If I were you, I wouldn’t get married so early. (Were I you?)
If I had one billion RMB, I would never get married. (Had I ?)
如果當時氣候更適宜一些，如今莊稼會長得更好。(從句指過去，主句指現在)
If the weather had been more favorable, (+……would have done……)
If ……did……， the crop would be growing still better.
If the weather had been more favorable, the crop would be growing still better.
假設的情況通過一個介詞短語或其他方式表示。
常用的詞或短語有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but 等.
Without your help (=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.
要是沒有你的幫助，我們就不會成功的。
But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.
要是沒有電，就不會有現代工業。
He felt very tired yesterday (fact), or /otherwise he would have attended the party.
If he had not felt very tired yesterday, he would have attended the party.
他昨天太累了，否則他就來參加會議了。(也可以理解為錯綜條件從句)
形式通常為：
…lest (in case, for fear that) + sb + should + do
Lest, for fear that 句中的 should 可以省去， in case 句中的 should 通常不省去，
in case 句中可以不用虛擬語氣，而用陳述語氣。Lest, for fear that后面也可以接其他形式。
He took his coat with him in case it should rain.
他帶著雨衣以防下雨。
I will not make a noise for fear that I (should/ might) disturb you.
我不會做聲的，以免打擾你。
I obeyed her lest she should be angry.
我得順著她，免得她生氣。
賓語從句
主語從句
表語從句
同位語從句
表示建議、命令和要求的動詞
advise 勸告 ， suggest 建議 , propose 提議
order 命令, request 要求, require 要求, demand要求, command 命令
insist 堅持, recommend 推薦
intend 打算 move 提議prefer 寧愿 urge 主張desire 渴望direct 命令 ask 要求 determine 決定 decide 決定
He insisted [that the meeting (should) be put off].
他要求推遲那個會議。
They proposed [that all the plans (should) be discussed at the meeting].
他們建議所有的計劃都應該在會上討論。
特殊動詞：insisted & suggest
You pale face suggests that you(should)be ill. (?)
Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
I insisted that you (should) make a mistake. (?)
I insisted that you had made a mistake.
有人提議他應該參加俱樂部的活動。
Somebody suggested that he (should) join the club activities.
He (should) join the club activities was suggested by somebody.
It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.
It is desired that ……,
It is suggested that ……,
It is requested that ……,
It was ordered that ……,
It was recommended that ……,
It was required that ……,
……(should) do……
It is important that ……should do……
It is necessary that ……should do……
It is natural that ……should do……
It is vital that ……should do……
It is essential that ……should do……
appropriate 適當的
advisable 適當的，合理的
better 較好的
desirable 理想的
imperative 迫切的
insistent 堅持的
preferable 優越的，較好的
strange 奇怪的
urgent 緊迫的
My proposal was (that we(should) hold a meeting next week).
He rejected my suggestion (that we (should)appoint Tom as our monitor).
Wish
表示對過去情況的虛擬
表示對現在情況的虛擬
表示對將來情況的虛擬
Wish
I wish I were as handsome as Andy Lau.
He wished he hadn’t said that.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
It is (high/ about) time … did /should do……
It is time that the boy went to school.
It is high time that certain measures should be taken /were taken.
would rather that 從句
“would rather (would sooner…) + 主語 + did” 表示現在或將來的情況。
“would rather (would sooner) + 主語 + had done”表示過去的情況
would rather that 從句
I’d rather he didn’t go now.
要是他現在不走就好了
I’d rather soon you had been here yesterday.
要是你昨天在這里就好了。
would rather that 從句
As if (可以不用虛擬)
would sooner,
would just as soon,
might as well
would prefer
“if only”引起的感嘆句
did 或“would/ could + do”表示與現在或未來事實相反的愿望。
If only Maggie could marry me.
had done表示與過去事實相反的愿望。
If only I had not been busy last week!
公式化的句子
God bless you! 上帝保佑你!
So be it then! 那就這樣吧!
May the friendship between our two peoples last forever. 祝愿我們兩國人民的友誼萬古青。
May you have a bright future.
