判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判斷改錯(注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線;用不同的顏色表示出。)

(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

(對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

(對) I’ll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D.

而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A.

關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語) .