謂語動詞構成：I/we/you/they had worked; he/she/it had worked

(1) 表示過去某一時刻之前已經完成的動作，常與由by，before引導的時間狀語連用

We had learned 5000 words by the end of last month.

到上個月底為止我已經學了五千個單詞.

I had finished the composition before supper. 晚飯前我就已經把作文寫完了.

(2) 表示過去某一動作之前已經完成的動作，常與由when，before等連詞引導的時間狀語從句連用

When I woke up it had already stopped raining. 我醒來的時候雨就已經停了.

I hadn’t learned any English before I came here. 我來這兒之前沒學過英語.

(3) 用于賓語從句或間接引語中

I wondered who had taken the umbrella without permission.

我想知道誰不經允許就把雨傘拿去.

He told me that he had passed the exam. 他告訴我他已通過考試.

(4) 某些動詞的過去完成時表示一個打算要做卻沒有做成的事.

I had intended to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. 昨晚我本打算來看你，但有人來找，脫不開身.

We had hoped to catch the early bus, but found it was gone.

我們本來希望乘早班車，卻發現車已開了.

(5) 用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句中

If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.

如果你昨天來的話，你就已經見到他的面了.

She would have come if she hadn’t been so busy.

要不是這么忙的話，她就已經來了.