又是一年春節(jié)時(shí)，作為中國最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，有不少詩人曾為它吟詩作賦，今天就來看看古人是怎么寫春節(jié)和元宵的。
別歲
Farewell to the Old Year
故人適千里，臨別尚遲遲。
When an old friend is to go far away,
Long, long will he linger before he parts.
人行猶可復(fù)，歲行那可追。
Though gone away, he may come back someday.
Where can we find the old year once itdeparts?
問歲安所之，遠(yuǎn)在天一涯。
May I ask whither the old year has passed?
At the end of the earth it leaves no track.
已逐東流水，赴海歸無時(shí)。
It is gone with the water flowing fast
To the East Sea and will never come back.
東鄰酒初熟，西舍彘亦肥。
Wine is warmed by our neighbors on the east
And the pork of those on the west is fat.
且為一日歡，慰此窮年悲。
I’d like to have one happy day at least
So that the lean year may not be grieved at.
勿嗟舊歲別，行與新歲辭。
Do not sigh for the departing old year!
Soon we shall say goodbye to New Year’s Day.
去去勿回顧，還君老與衰。
Do not look back but let them disappear.
Man will grow old and his powers decay.
——蘇軾
——translated by Xu Yuanchong
賞析：
這是蘇軾冬末寫的組詩之一，其一《饋歲》，其二是本篇《別歲》，其三就是下一首《守歲》。
組詩的原題為：“歲晚相與饋問，為‘饋歲’;酒食相邀，呼為‘別歲’;至除夜，達(dá)旦不眠，為‘守歲’。蜀之風(fēng)俗如是。余官于岐下，歲暮思?xì)w而不可得，故為此三詩以寄子由。”
此時(shí)蘇軾一人在鳳翔為官，臨近年末，想回汴京和父親、弟弟團(tuán)聚而不可得，回想故鄉(xiāng)歲暮的淳樸風(fēng)俗，就寫了這三首詩抒發(fā)思念之情。
故人離別，縱使遠(yuǎn)去千里，還能再見，但分別總是難忍。一年又要過去，恍惚歲月已晚，相去萬余里，各在天一涯。
東鄰、西舍、酒熟、豬肥，熱鬧歡飲，每到要辭舊迎新時(shí)，才知時(shí)光流逝有多快。
守歲
Staying up All Night on New Year’s Eve
欲知垂盡歲，有似赴壑蛇。
The end of the year is drawing near
As a snake crawls back to its hole.
修鱗半已沒，去意誰能遮。
We see half its body disappear
And soon we’ll lose sight of the whole.
況欲系其尾，雖勤知奈何。
If we try to tie down its nail,
We can’t succeed whate’er we do.
兒童強(qiáng)不睡，相守夜歡嘩。
Children will stay up and regale
Themselves with feast the whole night through.
晨雞且勿唱，更鼓畏添撾。
Cocks, wake not the dawn with your song;
Drums, do not boom out the hour now!
坐久燈燼落，起看北斗斜。
The wick is burned as I sit long,
I rise to see the slanting Plough.
明年豈無年，心事恐蹉跎。
Will there be no New Year’s Eve next year?
I am afraid time waits for none.
努力盡今夕，少年猶可夸。
Let us enjoy tonight with cheer
So that childhood will longer run.
——蘇軾
——translated by Xu Yuanchong
賞析：
這首《守歲》與上一首相聯(lián)系，又生動(dòng)地用蛇作比，舊歲既然要走，去意是擋不住的，即便我們要努力挽留，亦是于事無補(bǔ)。
千百年來，守歲已成習(xí)俗。一家人圍爐而坐，幼童想打磕睡，還要勉強(qiáng)歡鬧。待得晨雞唱響，新的一日到來，舊歲真正遠(yuǎn)離。
燈燭已燃到最后，星辰西落，新年或許也有煩憂，但盡享此刻的歡樂才最重要。
青玉案·元夕
Green Jade Cup
Lantern Festival
東風(fēng)夜放花千樹。更吹落、星如雨。寶馬雕車香滿路。鳳簫聲動(dòng)，玉壺光轉(zhuǎn)，一夜魚龍舞。
One night’s east wind adorns a thousand trees with flowers
And blows down stars in showers.
Fine steeds and carved cabs spread fragrance en route;
Music vibrates from the flute;
The moon sheds its full light,
While fish and dragon lanterns dance all night.
蛾兒雪柳黃金縷。笑語盈盈暗香去。眾里尋他千百度。驀然回首，那人卻在，燈火闌珊處。
In gold-thread dress, with moth or willow ornaments,
Giggling, they melt into the throng with trails of scents.
But in the crowd once and again
I look for her in vain.
When all at once I turn my head,
I find her there where lantern light is dimly shed.
——辛棄疾
——translated by Xu Yuanchong&Xu Ming
賞析：
你或許不讀辛棄疾，卻不能不知“眾里尋他千百度。驀然回首，那人卻在，燈火闌珊處。”
這樣的詩句又有幾人不知呢?
傳統(tǒng)的新年須得從初一過到十五才算，元宵一過，年味兒才逐漸遠(yuǎn)去。正月十五，滿城燈火，大街小巷人頭攢動(dòng)，笑語喧嘩。
古時(shí)的元宵又稱上元節(jié)，那可是各家姑娘不受約束可以出門的日子，未婚的少女都無比期待這一天的到來。
穿衣打扮、猜燈謎、偷偷覷一眼心上人，心頭猶如東風(fēng)吹散的千樹繁花。
煙火紛紛，亂落如雨，馬車駛過，滿路芳香。鳳簫悠揚(yáng)，明月西斜，火樹銀花，盈盈人間。
我在人群中一遍遍尋覓意中人的身影，猛然回首間，那人卻在燈火昏暗處。
王國維《人間詞話》曾言人之成大事業(yè)者，必皆經(jīng)歷三個(gè)境界，而《青玉案·元夕》的境界則是最高境界。
你還讀過哪些跟春節(jié)和元宵有關(guān)的詩歌呢?
